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Monday, August 24, 2020
Hybrid Cloud Computing Environment â⬠Free Samples to Students
Question: Examine about the Hybrid Cloud Computing Environment. Answer: Presentation Headspace association is expecting to build up a framework named My Health Record framework that would catch the account of the patients at the absolute first time it is told. This disposes of the need of retelling the story each time the patient visits another expert. A cloud-based arrangement is resolved to be utilized in this task for its openness and the cost adequacy. The report talks about the cloud based arrangement, which would be immaculate to execute in this undertaking alongside the SDLC approach that will be considered for building up the venture. The non-utilitarian necessities of the venture alongside a nitty gritty depiction of the cloud based arrangement and SDLC approach are explained in the accompanying passages (Steele, Min Lo, 2012). The non-useful prerequisites of the framework help in distinguishing the various rules that would be imperative to consider in keeping up a smooth activity of a framework. It is altogether different from the utilitarian necessities as the practical prerequisites characterize the basic periods of the non-useful prerequisite (Chung, Nixon Mylopoulos, 2012). The distinctive non-practical necessities that are recognized for the improvement of My Health Record System are explained beneath. The usefulness of the framework characterizes the various capacities that a framework acts so as to keep up a smooth activity of the framework. The essential usefulness that this framework must perform is the capacity of the patients wellbeing record. In this way, it is required for the framework to consolidate highlights, for example, include, alter and update of information. Ease of use of a framework is another significant measure for deciding the non practical prerequisites of the framework. The framework ought to be effectively open to the clients and in this way, a basic and simple interface can be considered as another non-practical necessity for the task. The framework is planned maintaining at the top of the priority list the benefits of advanced information keeping, one of which is the disposal of issue of manual information get to. Along these lines, the including an alternative of information recuperation is a basic non-practical necessity that is should have been considered for the framework. A framework is expected to convey superior level, as it is one of the significant parts of this framework. The information openness ought to be productive enough and the information ought to stay available 24*7. Along these lines, the flexibility of this framework to various gadgets is viewed as other major non-useful prerequisites of the framework. The framework that will be produced for putting away the patients wellbeing records into the framework. This information is touchy and subsequently appropriate safety efforts are basic to actualize to shield this information from unapproved get to (Kulkarni et al., 2012). Along these lines, it is a significant non-useful prerequisite of the framework. Access control is vital so as to protect the touchy idea of the records that would be put away into the framework. Useful and Non-utilitarian Requirements The distinction between the utilitarian and non-useful necessity of the venture is that the joining of non-practical prerequisites in an undertaking expands the exhibition and strength of the framework indeed. Useful prerequisite then again for the most part manages the specialized necessities of the framework. Approval is a practical necessity of the framework while guaranteeing appropriate security consider a non-useful prerequisite. Subsequently, it very well may be said that the useful and no-utilitarian necessity of the framework is connected. Characterizing the diverse approval levels help in get to control of the framework (Pearce Bainbridge, 2014). Convenience and usefulness of the product alludes to the distinctive non-utilitarian necessity of the framework, while the useful prerequisite of the framework incorporates a speedy access of the patients information put away, in type of rundown explanation. Useful necessities are along these lines basic for framework usage while the non-practical prerequisite of the framework is answerable for upgrading the presentation of the framework and in this manner, the diverse non-utilitarian prerequisites distinguished for the advancement of My Health Record System ought to be considered for venture improvement. The Chosen Cloud Environment: Hybrid Cloud The Hybrid cloud condition is picked suitable for the venture viable as a result of the constraint of the other two cloud condition. The open cloud condition is simpler to actualize and offers a wide scope of points of interest, anyway there are numerous security concerns related with the open cloud. Considering the delicate idea of the information and the clinical wellbeing records of the patients, it's anything but a smart thought to execute the framework on open cloud. Open cloud condition is inclined to extreme assaults and in this manner making sure about the information over open cloud would be a hazardous errand (AlZain et al., 2012). In this manner, this cloud condition can't be considered for this situation. Private cloud on other hand in spite of the fact that is more secure than open cloud condition, usage of the equivalent is expensive and the entrance to the information is exceptionally constrained. The restricted availability of the information can impede the specific r eason for execution of this framework. The primary thought behind the execution of this framework is string the wellbeing records of the patients with the goal that each time they visit another expert they need not rehash their accounts. Restricted access to information can turn into a block in satisfying the essential goal of the framework and thusly ought to be kept away from. Half breed cloud is a blend of open and private cloud that offers all the advantages of an open cloud dispenses with the issue of restricted openness of the framework. This permits just the approved individual in getting to the framework. Execution of half breed cloud consequently is a decent choice to be considered for the framework (Galibus Vissia, 2015). The quality and shortcomings of the half breed cloud condition is explained in the accompanying sections. Quality of Hybrid Cloud The quality of half and half cloud condition are recorded beneath The significant advantage of actualizing this framework in a crossover cloud condition is that it offers all the advantages of an open cloud and the framework is sufficiently secure to store the secret information of the patient (Li et al., 2015). Half breed cloud is exceptionally simple to execute and number of assaults recorded in a cross breed cloud is substantially less than that of open cloud. The half breed cloud condition is simpler to access when contrasted with the private cloud (Li et al., 2013). The shortcomings of executing the framework in a half and half cloud condition are recorded beneath A programmer can focus on the information development all through people in general and private cloud condition. with an intension of information taking. The expense of execution of half breed cloud is more than that of open cloud, as the underlying speculation to the framework is significantly high (Chen Zhao, 2012). The Two SDLC Approach: Predictive and Adaptive The product improvement life cycle or the SDLC the board approach depicts the various stages related with the product advancement life cycle, for example, the arranging stage, the execution stage and the testing stage. Various methodologies of SDLC are available out of which the prescient and the versatile SDCL approaches are explained in the accompanying sections. This methodology is called prescient as the various periods of the product advancement are anticipated or decided before the commencement of the task. This is progressively similar to the customary cascade approach where every period of the product improvement follows an unequivocal technique. The consummation of each stage denotes the start of the following stage in programming improvement (Tuteja Dubey, 2012). The degree and venture deliverable is clear and pre decided in this methodology and consequently this kind of SDLC is simpler to execute. The upsides and downsides of the prescient SDLC are expounded in the accompanying sections. The upsides of the product improvement life cycle are recorded underneath The venture is commonly finished inside the booked time by following this methodology as the degree and timetable of the undertaking stays clear all through the task usage. The venture necessities stay clear and unaltered all through the undertaking and accordingly this kind of task for the most part doesn't require spending update. Documentation control is another significant part of this methodology, which is an or more point. The disservices of utilizing prescient SDLC approach are recorded underneath The undertaking degree that is set at the inception of the venture can't be changed while the task is actualized. The venture is expected to follow the arranged stages and subsequently execution of another component in the product later is preposterous. Versatile SDLC Approach While the prescient SDLC approach follows the cascade venture philosophy, the versatile SDLC approach is like the lithe task improvement system. This kind of strategy is actualized when the extent of the task isn't clear. This permits the advantage of joining various highlights while the venture is in the improvement stage and accordingly, at times it gets hard to finish the undertaking inside a set time (Balaji Murugaiyan, 2012). The advantages and disadvantages of versatile SDLC are expounded in the accompanying sections. The various preferences of utilizing the versatile SDLC the executives are recorded beneath The framework a work in progress can be adjusted while the undertaking is being executed The testing techniques and the nearness of criticism way helps in building up a bug free item The cons of versatile SDLC are recorded beneath The venture gets hard to finish inside set time The expense of execution is high The task of building up My wellbeing record framework has clear extension and prerequisites and is should have been finished as so
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Children and Families in Social Environment â⬠MyAssignmenthelp.com
Question: Talk about the Children and Families in Social Environment. Answer: Presentation Encom Motorcycles, a producer of bike situated in Japan who structures a chargeable electric cruiser which is a battery fueled one. They have effectively propelled their item in Japan and now remembering the sending out of item to United States. In such manner the report is being made to counsel Encom Motorcycles the appropriate chances and dangers in a political based condition, the significant chances and dangers which identifies with socioeconomics, socio-social contrasts in United States, the mechanical issues or advancements that may influence the endeavor. The relative research has been made in understanding and investigate the referenced chances and dangers engaged with sending out the item in US, different dangers which may influence the dare to ensure the proposed thought of adventure is end up being gainful for the organization or not. The techniques and models include while estimating for the endeavor are talked about in the report with the assistance of given talks with t he task (Jang et al., 2014). Finally end has been drawn whether the possibility of exportation in United States is of pertinence or not. The political factor include in an industry arrangement assumes a significant job as it chooses the future parts of an industry in that nation. There is distinctive political framework which exists in each nation and they change as often as possible when. Their political arrangement has viable guidelines of law which is by all accounts reasonable, adaptable and straightforward. So it makes it simpler for the outside businesses to give an idea about exportation in United States. The arrangements made are affected by its huge political factor and financial factor; these components can extend from debasement to different vulnerabilities as to burden, enactment, fear based oppression and so forth. Because of such factors it draws in analysis from universal ventures as these influences the worldwide policymaking by prevailing components which legitimately identifies with war. Such situation builds the danger of psychological warfare and sours the outside relations which at last make misco nstruing between nations (Booth, 2015). The open doors in the political administrative condition that may influence Encom Motorcycles exportation is that United States political approaches are a lot of reasonable and straightforward that it doesnt cause any commotion to remote financial specialists even to really think about putting resources into the nation. The straightforwardness gives an away from of what can influence components of businesses in different territories additionally the measures can be proclaimed with respect to defilement which helps in drawing out reviews where regions of debasement can be spotted and showcase strategies can be deciphered relying on the lawful framework all in all (Grant, 2016). Dangers and dangers present in political administrative that can meddle with the business activities of Encom Motorcycles in United States. These dangers difficult to evaluate and convey flighty probabilities and are arranged into capital controls, government intercession, fear mongering, charge and common aggravations. These political dangers will at that point assessed based on their degree of power that the amount they influence business. These dangers are arranged underneath: These are various components of political hazard which incorporates charge segregation as it influences a companys degree of profitability, not many ominous arrangements which influence showcasing techniques. The strategies may influence the day by day operational exercises and the businesss fire up costs, charges, guidelines, work law and agreement authorization. The duty suggestions on Encom Motorcycles in US are a place of refuge. US charge laws are empowering for outside producers as now and again they give tax exempt enthusiasm to remote makers. The capital increases from their venture may be tax exempt or can expose to 15% paces of expense. In any case, then again these laws can be end up being a duty snare for those makes who are not all around exhorted in tax documents. There is diagram which indicates the expense suggestions for a producer in United States it characterizes how charges would affect cost of the merchandise, its impact on creation, charges impact the evaluating of items in the nation, it empowers the makers to estimates their cash to be raised while beginning the business and its general government assistance impacts. US charge laws are indulgent towards outside financial specialists in assembling businesses as they permit them liberal duty approaches and bargains to stay away from twofold tax assessment however they sho uld be managed in an expert way so as to maintain a strategic distance from traps and complexities which can't be comprehended by easygoing staff yet exploit the arrangements which offers tax reductions to makers. Openings and Threats identifying with socioeconomics and socio-social condition Fundamentally the need to comprehend a business sectors nature and how the social mixes change when being in. The segment insights taken of a normal individual as far as salary, sex, age, religion and so forth these factors chooses the potential markets for outside organizations that where to target and position their item (McFarlin, 2014). Markets are not same between and inside nations so the suppositions made in the setting wont be of any assistance. There is a need to concentrate appropriately the socioeconomics and plan test information which covers all the factors influencing market, the examination gives an unmistakable thought that what item ought to be offered to each class of individuals and the objective market (Garbarino, 2017). In United States the truth of socioeconomics is its childhood or being progressively explicit is its future and has far to go as far as expansion. The countries changing demography gives outside producers a more prominent network in US economy. The key increment in populace prompts financial development and make numerous open doors in business terms as socioeconomics instructed business to appropriate their channels by focusing on client on factor reason for instance in the event that Encom Motorcycles target client based on pay, at that point they have to make an overview and consider sets of dissemination of salary beginning from lower level of pay to more elevated level so it makes simpler for the maker to comprehend the components and make promoting systems as needs be (Ahorlu, 2015). Though the socio-social and socioeconomics in Japan has multi-ethnic foundation as contrast with US where the populace is being decided by racial foundation and ethnics. The level of number of outsiders has been expanded throughout the years. The maturing populace is additionally considered a present issue which pulls in remote work to include the workforce of the nation. Much the same as America, the Japanese individuals additionally live an elevated expectation of living and most piece of the populace is viewed as the piece of working class. Be that as it may, there is a disadvantage in there socio-social condition is when studies shows the fulfillment and satisfaction in life of Japanese is generally low when contrasted with other created nations. There are slight victimization the ethnic minorities in Japan. Ultimately on the innovation part, Japan is one of the top nation who has prevailing in the race of giving the best tech items in the business. The above chart shows the level of the salary of family units and individual in this manner according to the example information it is to be viewed as that the young people of the nation is developing and increases a bigger segment of the pay bunch this finishes up, producer should focus on the said bunch who has higher normal pay. The changing socioeconomics additionally comes as danger in the market it powers individuals to draw from their reserve funds and exchange their accounts, this entire circumstance at last leaves an image of awful economy and no future possibilities for outside makers to put resources into the nation (Blanchard, 2015). Discussing the socio-social framework in United States who vows to be wealthy in social and social condition, their maturing populace, and decent variety in workforce, elevated requirement of living, and low rates in newborn child mortality these are the striking highlights of socio-social condition. The open doors in American culture would be its independence and libertarianism where the idea of independence essentially underlines on close to home accomplishment and activity (Gupta, 2014). This culture is about autonomy which is of high incentive there and it comes as a preferred position for remote producers to settle up their business. An another idea is of balance, regardless of there are numerous distinctions in the general public however uniformity is as yet kept up in social connections as their convictions are in having equivalent commitments and rights, openings. The pecking order is kept up at all levels which is likewise an open door for business to send out in United Stat es (Falkner 2017). Dangers associated with socio-social condition in United States are significantly confronting issues in maturing populace which will prompt deficiency of work and in not so distant future ascent in charge rates. Increment in illicit movement and racial partiality is of genuine concern (Kenter, 2015). Americans will in general have correspondence all the more regularly legitimately and transparently, this straight forward nature in business terms come as an inconsiderate conduct for outside financial specialists since they are uninformed of such culture along these lines it decrease the odds of putting resources into such nation whose culture are a lot of complex in nature to change and neglects to situate their item into the market (Jacquet, 2014). Openings and Threats in Technology issues and advancements As far as innovation and development United States have denoted their achievement in the economy. They are driving in adjusting refreshed innovation in their business everyday activities and that is the reason US is confronting such solid rivalry from different economies. The conjectures have been made in this occurrence that it will keep on situating itself in competency with the l
Saturday, July 25, 2020
Hospitalization for Eating Disorders
Hospitalization for Eating Disorders Eating Disorders Treatment Print Hospitalization for Eating Disorders By Susan Cowden, MS facebook linkedin Susan Cowden is a licensed marriage and family therapist and a member of the Academy for Eating Disorders. Learn about our editorial policy Susan Cowden, MS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on February 08, 2020 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD on February 08, 2020 Rafal Rodzoch / caiaimage / Getty Images More in Eating Disorders Treatment Symptoms Diagnosis Awareness and Prevention Eating disorders?? can be extremely dangerous and potentially deadly illnesses. People with eating disorders frequently experience medical complications, which can affect all systems of the body. As a result, sometimes people with eating disorders, including anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, may require treatment in a hospital or residential treatment center (RTC).?? Both inpatient hospitalization and residential treatment centers for eating disorders provide patients with additional support, structure, medical care and monitoring. It may be helpful to understand what will happen in these settings for an eating disorder. Hospitalization for Anorexia and Other Eating Disorders Inpatient hospitalization is the most intensive level of treatment. The main reason for inpatient hospitalization is medical instability.?? As a result, eating disorder patients needing inpatient hospitalization are often admitted to specialized units rather than general psychiatric units where patients with other mental disorders are usually treated. Whenever possible, eating disorder hospitalization should take place in a specialized unit?? for eating disorders versus in a general medical or psychiatric unit. Eating disorders require a unique collaboration between many medical and mental health specialists and general hospital units may not be set up to provide the appropriate care. Because hospitalization is very expensive, it is usually short-term. Many patients only stay at the inpatient level of care until they have been medically stabilized enough to continue treatment at a lower level of care.?? The medical management available at the inpatient level is extremely important. Many patients require monitoring of vitals, intravenous fluids, tube feeding, medication, and laboratory tests. Patients are monitored by round-the-clock nursing staff. The inpatient hospital treatment team will usually consist of physicians, psychiatrists, therapists, dietitians, and nursing staff. It may also include other specialists if needed. Inpatient units are often connected to or affiliated with a full hospital which can provide access to different medical specialists, including cardiologists, neurologists, gastroenterologists, etc. Hospital staff also will provide basic nutrition information and nutritional counseling, and a dietitian will plan meals. If the patient cant eat enough to regain or maintain weight, doctors and other treatment team members may recommend medical refeeding, which involves inserting a tube through the patients nose down into the stomach. This tube then can carry nutrition directly to the stomach. Medical refeeding is one of the unique services that inpatient hospitalization is able to provide. Another form of support that inpatient hospitalization is able to provide is supported meals. Staff members will typically supervise all of a patientâs meals to provide support and monitor intake. They will be available before and after meals, to process any urges that patients are experiencing and to support patients during these anxiety-provoking times. Hospitalized patients will also receive counseling with a therapist and an evaluation by a psychiatrist. When Are Eating Disorder Patients Hospitalized? Any time a person is experiencing medical complications due to their eating disorder including but not limited to an unstable heart rate or blood pressure, fainting, or bleeding from vomiting, they should be screened for hospitalization.?? Patients may require hospitalization if they are severely malnourished and/or have lost a great deal of weight and are at risk for refeeding syndrome. Although hospitalization can be scary, it is also a very necessary component of treatment for many people. If your therapist, physician or dietitian is recommending hospitalization, please go. It may save your life. Choosing not to go to the hospital when needed can be extremely dangerous. Patients may often be transferred to residential treatment or a partial hospitalization program when their vitals are stable, they have resumed some eating on their own with structure, and they have gained some weight.?? They may still require high levels of support and structure, but this can usually be provided at a nonmedical residential treatment center or a partial hospitalization program, which a patient attends during the day, but returns home at night to sleep. Residential Treatment Centers for Anorexia and Other Disorders Residential Treatment Centers?? also house patients 24 hours a day, but these are non-medical facilities that provide housing, meals, and multidisciplinary treatment. Residential treatment is appropriate for patients who are medically stable but need full supervision to address eating disorder symptoms, such as vomiting, excessive exercise, laxative use, and dietary restriction. It can also be appropriate when someone is suicidal (although if there are any imminent concerns for suicide, this is an indication for inpatient hospitalization), if the patient lives far away from treatment providers, if there is a lack of social support, or if there are other complicating medical or psychiatric factors. The goal of residential treatment is to improve physical and psychological health. The average length of stay in a residential treatment center is 80 days. Patients receive supervised meals. Intensive psychotherapy, or counseling, is usually a routine part of residential treatment. Because patients are at residential treatment centers 24 hours a day, seven days a week, patients may be able to have sessions with therapists more frequently than on an outpatient basis. In some centers, they may be able to meet with their individual therapist several times during the week. They will also usually attend group therapy sessions and family therapy sessions.?? Full Continuum of Care for Eating Disorders The full continuum of care for eating disorders includes outpatient care, intensive outpatient programs (IOP), day treatment or partial hospital programs (PHP), residential programs, and inpatient hospitalization. A patient may move in either direction through the varying levels of care based on factors including symptom severity, medical status, motivation, past treatment history, and financial abilities.
Friday, May 22, 2020
The Media Of Walt Disney Company - 1923 Words
Introduction Walt Disney Company is the most numerous mass media in the world and an entertainment conglomerate with the mass media networks of assets affection, studio entertainment, parks and resorts, and consumer goods. The television of Walt Disney Company and assets of the mass media network include television ABC network and ten radio stations. Besides, Walt Disney s portfolio cable networks include ABC Family, Disney Channel, Toon Disney, and ESPN (80% of ownership) (Balio, 2009). Walt Disney s studios make movies through lines, such as Walt Disney Pictures, Touchstone, and Pixar. With recent acquisition of Marvel Entertainment, Walt Disney Company enters as the leading publisher of comics and the film producer. Entertainment of studio makes and gets cinema with living actors and the recovered movies for distribution to theatrical, home video and television markets. Thematic parks and resorts include the operations of Walt Disney World Resort in Florida, Disneyland Park, Disneyland Hotel a nd Disneyland Pacific Hotel in California. The segment of consumer goods includes licensing of goods, and publication (Siklos, 2009). Since its beginning in 1923, Walt Disney Company and additional affiliated companies remained devoted to making the highest events of entertainment based on rich inheritance of quality, happy, creative and incomparable telling of stories. In the last decades, Disney moved to wider market, having launched the Disney Channel on cable and divisions ofShow MoreRelatedWalt Disney Company : A Diversified International Family Entertainment And Media Enterprise With Five Business1531 Words à |à 7 PagesThe Walt Disney Company is a diversified international family entertainment and media enterprise with five business segments. 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The strategy based on three principles which are following; - creating high-quality family content by incorporating a diverse range of businesses to its structure - to be a brand for every member of the family, not only children ââ¬â such as Disney theme parks and resorts, its media network includes ESPN and ABC, Disney Cruise Line, studio productions, consumer products and interactive media channels. - make entertainment experiencesRead MoreWalt Disney s Corporate Strategy988 Words à |à 4 Pages1. What is the Walt Disney Company s corporate strategy? (20 pts) â⬠¢ ââ¬Å"The Happiest Place on Earthâ⬠! Walt Disneyââ¬â¢s corporate strategy focuses a lot on the family. They want to achieve family focuses content with the uses of technology to create an experience that will be the most memorable. Another key point of their strategy is to widen their reach of families on a more international scale. Being better than the competition has placed Walt Disney in the forefront. Media networks, theme parks, studioRead MoreWalt Disney s Merger With Capital Cities1620 Words à |à 7 Pagesadvertisment, or something relating to The Walt Disney Company (Disney). Perhaps you are seeing this advertised using a cable network like ABC or ESPN, or possibly on one of the newspaper companies that used to belong to Capital Cities/ ABC Inc. (ABC). In 1995, it was time for Disney to improve on their media outlook. In 1996 at its New York Shareholder meeting, The Walt Disney Company s merger with Capital Cities Inc. created one of the biggest and most p rominent media empires today. This exchange helpedRead MoreDisney Company : Domestic Operations And U.s. Economy Growth1724 Words à |à 7 PagesThe Walt Disney Company ââ¬â Domestic Operations and U.S. Economy Growth Walt Disney is an American company, born and flourished in America. The business operation of the company is massive in the United States with its main headquarters in Burbank, California. There are five major business segments of the company; they are Media Network, Parks and Resorts, Studio Entertainment, consumer product, and interactive media and Walt Disney together with its subsidiaries and affiliates is a diversified globalRead MoreAllison Martin. Brinkley. English 9 Honors Block 3. 241135 Words à |à 5 PagesThe Influence of Walt Disney This world has existed for millions of years; in all of that time there has been a countless amount of people who have done fantastic things. Walter Elias Disney was one of those people that influenced not just a few people, but millions. Disney has done the unimaginable and while doing that he pushed others to do so as well. He impacted the lives of everyone watching him by serving as a role model. Disney was also a monumental influence of the mass media. Finally, he
Friday, May 8, 2020
Counseling Adults With Eating Disorder - 1643 Words
Counseling Adults with Eating disorder Merlene Lewis THE College of New Rochelle Professor Martinez Theory and counselling Introduction Objective: To describe eating patterns, eating behaviors, to highlight some of the problem people face when dealing with an illness or a disorder, adult struggle more from eating disorder. Some reason why it is more difficult is because of work, taking care of their house whole and family; this illness is a relentless pursuit of thinness, a misrepresentation of body image and intense fear of gaining weight, and extremely disturbed eating behavior. Many people with anorexia see themselves as overweight, even when they are starved or are clearly malnourished. Eating food and weight controlâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦More serious behaviors include eating very large amounts of food when not hungry, not allowing oneself to eat for long periods of time, or consuming much less than what the body needs many people with eating disorders suffer from low self-esteem, feeling of hopelessness and intense frustration with their appearance. Counseling services are critical for people with eating disorders, in order to improve their self-esteem and address their feelings of hopelessness and reduce their frustrations with their appearance Eating disorder are severe disturbances in eating behaviors, such as eating too little or eating too much. The restriction of food that leads to very low body weight, the fear of gaining weight will impact their body images and daily life. There are many different type of eating disorders; More than 10 million Americans report symptoms of an eating disorder, such as anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa, according to the National Association of Eating Disorders. Psychologists know well the danger these serious mental illnesses cause on the body, including osteoporosis, gastrointestinal complications and dental problems, among other significant health problems. But fewer psychologists may know that eating disorders have become one of the nation s deadliest psychological illnesses. One out of every five people with anorexia eventually die of causes related to the disorder, and it boasts one the highest suicide rates
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Can a Criminal Be Rehabilitated Back Into Society Free Essays
The purpose of this paper is to research the whole subject of criminals and their rehabilitation. This is a discussion of what societyââ¬â¢s responsibility in this matter is and how to approach whether it is reform or punishing those who commit the crime. Should a criminal who claims insanity be rehabilitated into society? This is a common argument that many people find themselves wondering if such thing is possible when a heinous crime has been committed. We will write a custom essay sample on Can a Criminal Be Rehabilitated Back Into Society or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is stated that juries find for only about 20 percent of the defendants who plead insanity. Sixty to 70 percent of insanity pleas are for crimes other than murder. They range from assault to shoplifting. There are some opponents that attack the insanity defense for confusing psychiatric and legal concepts, in the process undermining the moral integrity of the law. During the 150 years or so the insanity defense has been and still is an issue in the U. S. within our criminal law and the medical psychology that have gone through many tireless changes in the criminal responsibility and the mental illness relationship. Ignoring this issue we may have steered away from an important source in our struggle with this type of defense. The United States Federal law states that insanity is a fair defense if at the time of the commission of the acts constituting the offense, the defendant as a result of a severe mental disease or defect, was unable to appreciate the nature and quality of the wrongfulness of his or her acts. When invoking insanity as a defense, a defendant is required to notify the prosecution. In some states, sanity is determined by the judge or jury in a separate proceeding following the determination of guilt or innocence at trial. In other states, the defense is either accepted or rejected in the verdict of the judge or jury. Even if evidence of insanity does not win a verdict of not guilty, the sentencing court may consider it as a mitigating factor. The criminal justice system under which all men and women are tried holds a concept called mens rea, a Latin phrase that means ââ¬Å"state of mindâ⬠. According to this concept, criminals committed who commit their crimes are oblivious of the wrongfulness of their actions. A mentally challenged person, including one with mental retardation, who cannot distinguish between right and wrong is protected and exempted by the court of law from being unfairly punished for his/her crime. Insanity, what does that word mean? I donââ¬â¢t have a clear cut definition for it but for most of us when we think of that word we think of someone mentally ill or just plain crazy. Does insanity makes us loose the thought of moral value and or our justification from right from wrong? It is stated that most socially recognized authorities such as psychiatrists, medical doctors, and lawyers agree that it is a brain disease. Let say it is a brain disease should we link insanity with other brain diseases like strokes and Parkinsonism? Unlike these two diseases, whose causes can be medically accounted for through a behavioral deficit such as paralysis, and weakness, how can one explain the behavior of crimes done by such criminals? Doctorââ¬â¢s and psychiatrists describe what they say insanity is a neurological illness explaining it to a jury a personââ¬â¢s or in this case a criminalââ¬â¢s reason and behavior. It rarely excuses it. Insanity is now considered a legal concept not a medical diagnosis. The most widely known rule in the insanity defense refers to the Mââ¬â¢Naghten rule which arose in 1983 during the trial of Daniel Mââ¬â¢Naghten who pleaded that he was not responsible for his murders because he suffered from delusions at the time of that he committed the crime. The rule states that a criminal defendant may be excused from criminal responsibility if at the time of the crime, the person accused was laboring under such a defect of reason, from a mental illness, as not to know the nature and the quality of the act he or she was doing. The biggest problem I feel is that with the insanity defense is either examined from a legal angle or a psychoanalytical one which involves talking to people and taking many tests. These tests so far show no proof of confirming the causal relationship between mental illness and the criminal behavior based on a deeper neurological working of the brain sciences. Many doctors and or professionals seemed to find themselves in a double bind where with no clear medical definition of mental illness, he/she must answer questions of legal insanity- beliefs of human rationality, and free will instead of basing it on more concrete scientific facts. For example, let us use a case study to elaborate the argument that law in this country continues to regard insanity as a moral and legal matter rather than ones based on scientific analysis. Remember the insanity case of Andrea Yates which occurred in Houston, Texas in 2002. In March 2002, a panel of Texas jurors debated her fate. A devoted mother with a history of postpartum psychosis, hallucinations, and two suicide attempts, Yates admitted to drowning her five children in a bathtub. Prosecutors conceded that Yates was mentally ill but knew right from wrong and so was not legally insane at the time of the murders. Under the law, jurors could not be told that Yates would be hospitalized if she were found NGRI. The jury rejected her claim of mental illness, found her guilty, spared her the death penalty but sentenced her to life in prison. At least there Yates would be kept in protective custody because of her ongoing mental problems and possible threats from other inmates and unless she needed intensive psychiatric care she would eventually mingle with the general population at the prison known for housing some of the toughest, meanest women in Texas. Yatesââ¬â¢s symptoms are controlled by medication. How about rehabilitating the insane, is it possible or how are we the society should deal with this issue? Rehabilitation is based on the idea that the criminal violation resulted from inadequate socialization of the offender; it represents an effort to provide some counseling and practical training that can aid an offender and therefore weaken or remove the stimuli that led him or her to committing the crime. Can we just say that the person with the mental illness is not capable of being normal or distinguishing right from wrong so we should just lock them up and throw the key away? One might wonder if criminals use the insanity defense to escape punishment. After all a crime had been committed and therefore they too should be punished maybe not as a normal criminal but with the proper medical assistance needed for their behavior can be controlled. Some of these individuals can in fact be rehabilitated back into society by properly giving them the right medication and not just sending them to jail where they get no help. If in fact the insanity defense is successful the offender then is placed in psychiatric hospital or the psychiatric ward of a state prison which are secured facilities. Many offenders who plead insanity are nonviolent offenders, and most if not all will stay at the hospital longer than they would if they were going to prison if had been convicted of the crime that they were accused of. Again the insanity does not always bring freedom but indeterminate detention. The defense by which defendant argue that they should not be held criminally liable for breaking the law due to being legally insane when at the time the crime occurred. The defendants who attempt such defense will undergo mental examinations beforehand. There are four various insanity defense standards. The first is the Mââ¬â¢Nagthen rule which the standard is whether or not he or she did not know what he or she was doing or didnââ¬â¢t know it was wrong. The burden of proof varies, from proof by a balance of probabilities on the defense to proof a beyond a reasonable doubt on the prosecutor and or depending on the state jurisdiction. The second is the irresistible impulse test which legal standard is if he or she could not control his conduct. The third is the substantial capacity test. The legal standard is if he or she lacks the substantial capacity to appreciate the wrongfulness of his conduct or to control it and the burden of proof is beyond reasonable doubt and rests on the prosecutor. The fourth test is the Present federal law which indicates if he or she lacks the capacity to appreciate the wrongfulness of his or her conduct. The burden of proof is clear and convincing evidence and rests on the defense. The insanity defense shouldnââ¬â¢t be confused with incompetency. Individuals who are incompetent to stand trial are held in a mental institution until they are considered capable of participating in the proceedings. The insanity defense should also be kept separate from issues concerning the mental retardation. In the case in 2002 Atkins v. Virginia the U. S. Supreme Court ruled that the execution of the mentally retarded criminals constituted the cruel and unusual punishment and it was prohibited by the 8th Amendment. If a criminal is acquitted by reason of insanity then execution was not an option. The insanity defense has contributed to making the law more humane. The criminal justice system seeks to protect the public, with the main goal of the mental health system in treating and rehabilitating individuals with some sort of mental illness. Another issue is what critics contend that the insanity defense undermines the functioning of the criminal justice system. Wealthy defendants are able to hire experts and have the advantage over the indigent. The defense may be exploited by perfectly sane defendants who have the resources to conclude a credible defense. The wealthy defendant who pleads insanity usually hires his or her own medical team to be evaluated. This often leads to corruption in a rich manââ¬â¢s trial, because the wealthy can afford to buy their doctorââ¬â¢s verdicts. This is very unfair in that, the wealthy can afford to hire expensive doctors and defenses and are more likely to get off with a non-guilty verdict whereas the poor man or middle class man has less of a chance even if they are actually insane. This presents a violation of the very basic concept that all people, regardless of their wealth or social status, should be given the equal treatment they deserve when in a court of law, but that is not always the case. Some studies have shown that as many as 70 percent of NGRI defendants withdrew their plea when a state-appointed expert found them to be legally sane. Individuals in this type social status are using the insanity plea as a way to get away with their crime and not have to be punished. If a person is truly insane and cannot be counted on to know the difference between right and wrong, this should be seen beforehand by medical doctors, declared insane and then taken out of societyââ¬â¢s reach for the safety of the innocent. Those who are harmful to the public should be kept away, not as a measure of cruelty but for the one with mental illness they should get the proper care in a secure facility and once they are sane than be transferred to a prison facility. The law states that we have the same rights no matter what our social status is so therefore should get the same treatment. That is not always the case though. It is difficult even for doctorââ¬â¢s to really determine if the defendant really was insane when the crime was being committed. To really understand the nature of the insanity defense one must go back and look at where and how it started. In todayââ¬â¢s insanity cases, mental health experts, doctors, and scientists have important roles to play. They can inform the jury of the nature of the defendantââ¬â¢s mental illness, the likeliness that the crime might be repeated, and whether the defendant may bring harm upon himself/herself. However, like any court case, there will always be divided opinions amongst the mental experts regarding the outcome of the case depending on whether they testify for or against the defendant. Dangerous mentally ill offenders should be confined appropriately to proper treatment facilities while receiving care. Mentally ill offenders I believe would be less of a financial burden to society since they would be able to return to society as productive members following their required treatment. Many mentally ill offenders would no longer be sentenced as if they had the mens rea required for committing the crime. Instead, mentally ill offenders would receive a constitutionally valid sentence that is proportional to their degree of culpability, thus accurately reflecting the criminal justice systemââ¬â¢s notion of criminal culpability. References: Anniken Davenport (2009), Basic Criminal Law: The Constitution, Procedure, and Crimes, 2nd Edition, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Paul B. Weston Kenneth M. Wells Marlene Hertoghe (1995), Criminal Evidence for Police, 4th edition, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Larry J. Siegel (2004), Criminology: Theories, Patterns, Typologies, 8th edition, Belmont, Ca. Wadsworth/Thompson Kenneth J Peak (2003), Policing in America: Methods, Issues, Challenges, 4th edition, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. References: Anniken Davenport (2009), Basic Criminal Law: The Constitution, Procedure, and Crimes, 2nd Edition, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Paul B. Weston Kenneth M. Wells Marlene Hertoghe (1995), Criminal Evidence for Polic e, 4th edition, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Larry J. Siegel (2004), Criminology: Theories, Patterns, Typologies, 8th edition, Belmont, Ca. :Wadsworth/Thompson Kenneth J Peak (2003), Policing in America: Methods, Issues, Challenges, 4th edition, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Todd R. Clear George F. Cole (2003), American Corrections, 6th edition, Belmont, Ca. Wadsworth/Thompson Frank Schmalleger (2002), Criminal Justice: A brief imtroduction, 4th edition, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Todd R. Clear George F. Cole (2003), American Corrections, 6th edition, Belmont, Ca. Wadsworth/Thompson Frank Schmalleger (2002), Criminal Justice: A brief imtroduction, 4th edition, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. How to cite Can a Criminal Be Rehabilitated Back Into Society, Papers
Monday, April 27, 2020
Violence Against Women as a Global Phenomenon
According to Heise (1998, p. 262), Violence against women is any incidence of gender-based violence that ends up in, or is likely to end up in, physical, sexual or psychological harm or suffering to women. This includes threats, coercion or unwarranted deprivations of freedom, whether occurring in private life or public.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Violence Against Women as a Global Phenomenon specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More While the incidence of this kind of violence is to a large extent global, it is more prevalent in some households as compared to others. An analysis of the various reasons for the prevalence of domestic violence was carried out and the findings reported below are varied as the manifestations of the phenomenon. Culture and norms by and large undergo changes with time. However, some aspects of traditions are retained even with passage of time. One of these aspects is the position of the man in the home (Pourreza, Batebi, Moussavi, 2004, p. 34). Since time immemorial, society has granted the man dominion over his wife and inflexible gender roles have seen masculinity being directly associated with power and authority. The same traditions have ââ¬Ëlegitimizedââ¬â¢ the use of violence as a way of solving differences of opinion. Women that would like to challenge the authority granted to the man are seen as wayward and in marriage are vulnerable to domestic violence. As is in most cases, going into marriage the man is conventionally seen to assume ownership of the woman and this automatically guarantees him control over her whole being including her sexuality. In some extreme cultures, errant women particularly those who involve in adultery are sentenced to death by cruel methods like stoning while the man goes scot free. If a woman in such a case is allowed to live, she is supposed to take in random acts of violence meted against her by relatives without complaining on account of the shame that she has subjected the family to. The socioeconomic status definitely has some influence over the issue of gender based violence. Women coming from low socioeconomic status generally tend to experience more episodes of violence than their counterparts from higher socioeconomic status (Tolman Rosen, 2001, p. 143). Poverty comes along with a sense of hopelessness and women in such conditions are willing to endure all kinds of suffering just to earn a living. Due to low economic power, these women lack the necessary resources to escape from abusive marriages. Their husbands are more often than not stressed, frustrated and have a feeling of inadequacy for not having lived up to their socially defined responsibility of breadwinner. As a result, they find it easy to vent their anger on their hapless wives and children.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Men being the common perpetrators of violence against women are generally influenced by events in their childhood. Men who witnessed gender based violence particularly against their mothers or sisters are likely to continue with the trend as are men who were physically abused as children (Renzetti, Bergen, 2005, p. 235). They tend to learn earlier in life that the best way to resolve misunderstanding is through violence. They also see this as a way of displaying their manhood judging from the kind of authority and ââ¬Ërespectââ¬â¢ they see their abusive father commanding. Men who have grown up with an absentee or rejecting father may not develop proper family skills due to lack of a model. They find it hard to peacefully relate with their wives and children and when a minor disagreement arises they resort to violence and more so if they are on the wrong. Women who are brought up in abusive families as well learn to take in and accept violence directed at them as an acceptable way of solving conflict. As a result, a never-ending chain of domestic violence tolerance is created with daughter learning from mother. Another factor that greatly contributes to the high incidence of violence against women is the issue of legal protection. According to Steinmetz and Straus (1974, p. 321), the lack of legal protection and low legal literacy levels among women also contribute to the prevalence of gender based violence. In most societies, the laws have clauses for protection of the womenââ¬â¢s rights in public places but no provisions are made for maintenance of these rights within homes. In most states violence against women is not seen as a major offence, and law enforcers are not trained to handle this kind of aggression. Men are free to mistreat their wives knowing very well that nothing can be done to them. It is only in extreme cases like when the woman is murdered that we see police coming in to arrest the man even though prompt interventi on could have saved a life. Legal definitions do not adequately cover topics of rape and sexual violence. Administrative officers, particularly in developing countries use sexual brutality as a method of getting confessions from female detainees. Seeing that legal systems in these regions donââ¬â¢t have the provision for independent investigation against the police, such cases of violence against women often go unpunished. Alcohol and hard drugs commonly result in impaired judgment and a reduced sense of tolerance. As a result, men who use them are more likely to instigate violence against their family members and in a traditional family setup of father, mother and children, it is most likely that the hostility will be directed at the wife (Tolman Rosen, 2001, p. 153). Conflict among married people also has a bearing in the prevalence of violence against women. It has been argued time and again that the compatibility of a man and woman will essentially determine the level of hap piness in the marriage. Ill-assorted coupling often results in incessant disagreements which in most cases end up in physical or psychological abuse against the woman (Renzetti, Bergen, 2005, p. 38).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Violence Against Women as a Global Phenomenon specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More From both observational and psychological points of view authority of women in institutions other than their homes is a determinant factor on the occurrence of domestic violence. Women who have assumed positions of leadership and authority in institutions outside their homes generally tend to experience few incidents of violence against them (Steinmetz Strauss, 1974, p. 25). This is because they are able to stand in support of their principles and can challenge any unreasonable demands from their husbands. The positioning of the family in relation to the entire community heavily determines the li kelihood of violence against women (Steinmetz Strauss, 1974, p. 6). Families which are secluded from public scrutiny tend to report higher rates of wife abuse. In more open families where relatives and other members of society are able to promptly intervene, reports of domestic violence are lessened. Womenââ¬â¢s participation in formal social groups such self help groups or political parties reduce their chances of falling victim to domestic violence as well as increase their ability to resolve conflict within the home without having it turn into violence. Human beings are social beings and a majority of decisions made are heavily dependent on the influence of peers. Men generally tend to value social associations more than women to the extent that even in marriage they find it hard to abandon their ââ¬Ëboyââ¬â¢ clubs. Delinquent friends who have no sense of proper family practices may end up influencing their responsible counterparts to neglect their families (Heise, 1998 , p. 278). The men who have strong and overbearing wives are often advised by their peers to exercise their authority by use of violence in a bid to ââ¬Ëtameââ¬â¢ their women. Conclusion It is worth noting that violence against women is a global phenomenon. However, certain factors as has been detailed above predispose some women to violence as compared to others. These are factors are either cultural or socioeconomic in nature and are seen at individual, family or community levels. The major challenge faced in the collection of data to back up the premises that had been established was the fact that most of the information available in books and journals focused on the statistical/quantitative data as opposed to qualitative issues.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The setback was however countered by ensuring that a large collection of resources was consulted and the most relevant issues as far as the topic at hand was concerned were recorded. Finally, it is only important to appreciate that domestic violence has been in existence since time immemorial and that most of the reasons that caused disparity in the prevalence of the vice 1000 years ago are the same that cause the variance today; just in different setting. References Heise, L.L. (1998). Violence against women: An Integrated, ecological framework. Sage Journals Online, 4, 262ââ¬â290. Pourreza, A.,à Batebi, A., Moussavi, P. (2004). A survey about knowledge and attitudes of people towards violence against women in community family settings. Iranian Public Health Journal, 33(2), 33ââ¬â37. Renzetti, C., Bergen, R.K. (2005). Violence against women. Maryland, MD: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers. Steinmetz, S.K., Straus, M.A. (Eds.). (1974). Violence in the family. New York, NY: Harper Row. Tolman, R.T., Rosen, D. (2001). Domestic violence in the lives of women receiving welfare: Mental health, substance dependence, and economic well-being. Sage Journals Online,à 7, 141ââ¬â158. This research paper on Violence Against Women as a Global Phenomenon was written and submitted by user Catherine Oneill to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.
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